Abstract

Acacia polyacantha is a medicinal plant commonly used in The Sudanese traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the qualitative phytochemical composition of its aqueous root extracts and sediments under hot, room temperature, and cold extraction conditions, followed by centrifugation. The sediments were re-dissolved in acetone to enhance the detection of semi polar compounds.Screening revealed tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and Carbohydrates, with intensity influenced by extraction temperature and centrifugation speed. Higher centrifugation improved compound separation, while hot and room-temperature extractions yielded stronger responses than cold extraction. Acetone-dissolved precipitates showed higher concentrations of phenolic and Carbohydrates; with improved flavonoid detection.The study demonstrates that combining aqueous extraction, centrifugation, and acetone re-dissolution of precipitates is an effective, low-cost, and eco-friendly method for phytochemical investigation, supporting the medicinal value of Acacia polyacantha.