Abstract

This study examined the spatial distribution of primary and secondary schools in Kosti City using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study aimed to achieve a fair distribution of educational services across the neighborhoods of the study area, ensuring easy access for all residents. It also sought to link the development of educational services to the city's development, population growth, and urban expansion, and to identify the spatial distribution of these services using GIS software. Furthermore, the study aimed to propose solutions and recommendations to assist relevant authorities in addressing the issue of educational service distribution within the study area. The study employed several methodologies, including the historical approach, the descriptive-analytical approach, and the quantitative statistical approach. Multiple data collection and analysis methods were utilized, including primary sources such as observation, interviews, and GIS, as well as secondary sources such as books, dissertations, and reports. The study concluded that several neighborhoods, particularly the southeastern part of the city, remain underserved. The southwestern, western, and northwestern parts of the city are underserved, indicating difficulties for students residing in these areas in accessing educational services. They must travel more than 800 meters, which is not in line with international standards. Secondary school services are concentrated in the city center (the Grand Market) and surrounding areas (Al-Nasr neighborhood, Block 27, and Al-Quds neighborhood). In the yellow areas, students must travel 1200 meters to reach school, which is in line with international standards. In the red areas, students must travel 1600 meters, also in line with international standards. However, several areas remain underserved, such as the southeastern, southwestern, and western parts of the city. The study recommends understanding urban and population growth trends to select the best locations for new schools, applying local and international standards in the construction and distribution of educational services within residential neighborhoods, building new schools in third-tier neighborhoods, and utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Planning and distribution of educational services.